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Smoking a turkey and avoiding tough/rubbery skin

 
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mrx



Joined: 10 Nov 2010
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PostPosted: Nov 10 2010    Post subject: Smoking a turkey and avoiding tough/rubbery skin Reply with quote

I've tried smoking a turkey several times now and always end up with tough, rubbery skin. Here is the method I've used:

12 lb bird brined for 24 hours, olive oil on skin with salt and pepper, bring smoker up to 300, do not include liquid in the smoker (to decrease humidity), used hickory and apple, smoked for 2.5 hours

I've also tried this at higher temps (350) and lower temps (~220 - 270), included water in the smoker for more humidity, and longer cook times but either way it turns out with rubbery/tough skin.

The meat turns out great, but the skin is never crispy.

Does anyone have any suggestions on how to smoke a turkey or chicken and end up with crispy skin?


Last edited by mrx on Nov 10 2010; edited 1 time in total
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Teleking
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PostPosted: Nov 10 2010    Post subject: Re: Smoking a turkey and avoiding tough/rubbery skin Reply with quote

mrx wrote:
Does anyone have any suggestions on how to smoke a turkey or chicken and end up with crispy skin?


Cook at oven temps. @ 325° to 350° Wink
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mrx



Joined: 10 Nov 2010
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PostPosted: Nov 10 2010    Post subject: Reply with quote

I've tried both lower (~220) and higher temps (325 - 350) and the skin is still rubbery. I'm wondering if the smoke is actually causing the skin to be tough and rubbery.
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SoEzzy
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PostPosted: Nov 10 2010    Post subject: Reply with quote

I don't think the smoke is the problem... I think it's the nature of poultry skin to need to be cooked differently.

If I'm going for crispy I either start hotter or finish hotter, to me the amount of subcutaneous fat and what you do with it as it render is the big issue.

Try pricking all over the breasts, back and legs with a fork to allow the fat somewhere to drain out of.

I'll do larger chicken this way, give them a rub with a good / higher salt content as that helps pull the fat out too, then put into a pit at 375 - 400, for the first 15 - 20 minutes, then bring the temperature down to cook it through.

The other way is cook it to about done, then crack the vents and get it up to the 400 mark for the last 15 - 20 minutes of cooking.

Of course that also depends on what else you are cooking at the same time.

I've also cooked them low and slow to give them some smoke, then deep fried them to get the crispy skin.

But to me it's all about the heat, either start with it or end with it, if you don't, then I've never had crispy skin from a low and slow cook.
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BluDawg
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PostPosted: Nov 10 2010    Post subject: Reply with quote

Cook at a little higher temp 325-350 and I know you will think I'm crazy but this works to get a nice crispy shin: Rub the skin with Baking Powder berore applying the rub.the skin will get crispy Wink Try it on some chicken if you think I full of Sheite!
From Americas Test Kitchen website:
Quote:
First, the combination of baking powder and table salt will draw moisture from the skin of the chicken, helping the skin to dry out. The drier skin will become crispy faster because the skin cannot go above the boiling point of water (212 degrees) until all the water has evaporated from the surface. The temperature of the skin needs to rise above 300 degrees before it will start to brown and crisp.

Second, the baking powder is composed of an alkali (sodium bicarbonate) and an acid (monocalcium phosphate) in solid form. As the baking powder absorbs the moisture from the skin, the acid and alkali will react. The calcium ions from the acid can be absorbed into the skin and activate enzymes called calpains, which will start to break down the proteins within the skin. The alkaline baking soda and broken-down proteins will undergo browning reactions faster, thus creating a browner, more flavorful skin.
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Harry Nutczak
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PostPosted: Nov 10 2010    Post subject: Reply with quote

Brining can and will cause a rubbery skin even if cooked at high temperatures. I have found any acidic marinade will also create a rubbery skin even when grilled directly over hot coals..

You could inject the bird of you really feel you need to add moisture, but usually if you do not overcook a bird, dryness is not a problem, 165 degrees internal is your finish point, try not to exceed that mark and you should have a juicy wonderful turkey without brining it..
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PostPosted: Nov 10 2010    Post subject: Reply with quote

BluDawg wrote:
Cook at a little higher temp 325-350 and I know you will think I'm crazy but this works to get a nice crispy shin: Rub the skin with Baking Powder berore applying the rub.the skin will get crispy Wink Try it on some chicken if you think I full of Sheite!
From Americas Test Kitchen website:
Quote:
First, the combination of baking powder and table salt will draw moisture from the skin of the chicken, helping the skin to dry out. The drier skin will become crispy faster because the skin cannot go above the boiling point of water (212 degrees) until all the water has evaporated from the surface. The temperature of the skin needs to rise above 300 degrees before it will start to brown and crisp.

Second, the baking powder is composed of an alkali (sodium bicarbonate) and an acid (monocalcium phosphate) in solid form. As the baking powder absorbs the moisture from the skin, the acid and alkali will react. The calcium ions from the acid can be absorbed into the skin and activate enzymes called calpains, which will start to break down the proteins within the skin. The alkaline baking soda and broken-down proteins will undergo browning reactions faster, thus creating a browner, more flavorful skin.
Better living through chemistry, Ya got to love it Very Happy


+1 here. It works.

You might try to separate the skin from the bird by slipping your fingers up underneath it too. If all else fails, you can always slip it under the broiler for a few minutes to finish the crisping.
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SmokinOkie
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PostPosted: Nov 10 2010    Post subject: Reply with quote

Harry Nutczak wrote:
Brining can and will cause a rubbery skin even if cooked at high temperatures...


Not to disagree but I don't find that's the case at all (okay, guess I'm disagreeing Harry Wink ). Salt in the brine actually helps the skin cook crisper. But what do I know about brining Cool

The culprit is fat, not the brine. Fat on poultry won't render at the lower temps enough to get crispy.

For me, separating the skin from the meat is a good trick. One, it allows me to add some butter and rub under the skin, and the butter helps cook the skin from the inside (that way you oil inside and out and two it that separation helps the skin just cook better (I think Cooks Illustrated said something about air under the skin by separating is a good thing)
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woody350ep
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PostPosted: Nov 11 2010    Post subject: Reply with quote

BigOrson wrote:
BluDawg wrote:
Cook at a little higher temp 325-350 and I know you will think I'm crazy but this works to get a nice crispy shin: Rub the skin with Baking Powder berore applying the rub.the skin will get crispy Wink Try it on some chicken if you think I full of Sheite!
From Americas Test Kitchen website:
Quote:
First, the combination of baking powder and table salt will draw moisture from the skin of the chicken, helping the skin to dry out. The drier skin will become crispy faster because the skin cannot go above the boiling point of water (212 degrees) until all the water has evaporated from the surface. The temperature of the skin needs to rise above 300 degrees before it will start to brown and crisp.

Second, the baking powder is composed of an alkali (sodium bicarbonate) and an acid (monocalcium phosphate) in solid form. As the baking powder absorbs the moisture from the skin, the acid and alkali will react. The calcium ions from the acid can be absorbed into the skin and activate enzymes called calpains, which will start to break down the proteins within the skin. The alkaline baking soda and broken-down proteins will undergo browning reactions faster, thus creating a browner, more flavorful skin.
Better living through chemistry, Ya got to love it Very Happy


+1 here. It works.

You might try to separate the skin from the bird by slipping your fingers up underneath it too. If all else fails, you can always slip it under the broiler for a few minutes to finish the crisping.


Prepping a turkey for a test cook tomorrow to cook on Friday. I might go ahead and try this out. Do you just do the baking powder then hit it with the rub right after? Baking powder and let it sit for a certain time? Baking powder, then some oil and rub?

What's the proper protocol here?
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BluDawg
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PostPosted: Nov 12 2010    Post subject: Reply with quote

K salt and Baking powder
chill in the refer over night
apply some rub give it a quick spritz of some Pam & Put in in the smoke.
*Note. I spatchcock every bird (except for beerbutt chicken) They cook more evenly Thighs and Breast finish at the same time.
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Virginiasmoke
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PostPosted: Dec 04 2010    Post subject: Reply with quote

BigOrson wrote:
You might try to separate the skin from the bird by slipping your fingers up underneath it too.

That... and letting it sit in the fridge for a day after brining will help dry the surface AND better distribute the brine solution.
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Soapm
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PostPosted: Dec 04 2010    Post subject: Reply with quote

My solution is don't eat the skin. I never cared for it much anyway...
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SmokinOkie
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PostPosted: Dec 04 2010    Post subject: Reply with quote

mrx wrote:
...
I've also tried this at higher temps (350) and lower temps (~220 - 270), included water in the smoker for more humidity, and longer cook times but either way it turns out with rubbery/tough skin.

The meat turns out great, but the skin is never crispy.



If you're truly cooking at 350, then you're doing something to prevent the skin from crisping up. All turkeys (you know those people that cook in an oven, not smoker) come out crispy.

Check your temps. Maybe add some oil to the skin (butter, oil, whatever). Go for a drier environment (too much humidity will keep the skin moist).

You need the fat to render and the skin to dry out via the temp you're cooking at.

Virginiasmoke wrote:
BigOrson wrote:
You might try to separate the skin from the bird by slipping your fingers up underneath it too.

That... and letting it sit in the fridge for a day after brining will help dry the surface


Yup. Key to crisp skin is the fat in the skin, it has to render. Releasing the skin from underneath helps air flow under and the fat will render better.

Quote:
...AND better distribute the brine solution.
Been studying brining for years, haven't heard it said like that. The brine penetrates the skin just fine, and has no effect on brining. Doesn't slow it down, brine/solution penetrates the skin. Guess I'm missing the point on how it better distributes?
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Soapm
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PostPosted: Dec 04 2010    Post subject: Reply with quote

BluDawg wrote:
Cook at a little higher temp 325-350 and I know you will think I'm crazy but this works to get a nice crispy shin: Rub the skin with Baking Powder berore applying the rub.the skin will get crispy Wink Try it on some chicken if you think I full of Sheite!
From Americas Test Kitchen website:
Quote:
First, the combination of baking powder and table salt will draw moisture from the skin of the chicken, helping the skin to dry out. The drier skin will become crispy faster because the skin cannot go above the boiling point of water (212 degrees) until all the water has evaporated from the surface. The temperature of the skin needs to rise above 300 degrees before it will start to brown and crisp.

Second, the baking powder is composed of an alkali (sodium bicarbonate) and an acid (monocalcium phosphate) in solid form. As the baking powder absorbs the moisture from the skin, the acid and alkali will react. The calcium ions from the acid can be absorbed into the skin and activate enzymes called calpains, which will start to break down the proteins within the skin. The alkaline baking soda and broken-down proteins will undergo browning reactions faster, thus creating a browner, more flavorful skin.
Better living through chemistry, Ya got to love it Very Happy


Can baking power be added to the rub? Will it still work that way or do you need to completely coat the skin with the baking powder/salt mixture?

I ask because a friend wants me to smoke pig feet for his Christmas party. I've done a couple of test and the skin is basically tough and uneatable. I read a Chinese recipe where is says score the skin then pour hot water over them but I would also like to add some of this baking powder to see if I can make a crispy as opposed to rubber skin...
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Virginiasmoke
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PostPosted: Dec 06 2010    Post subject: Reply with quote

SmokinOkie wrote:
Virginiasmoke wrote:
BigOrson wrote:
You might try to separate the skin from the bird by slipping your fingers up underneath it too.

That... and letting it sit in the fridge for a day after brining will help dry the surface


Quote:
...AND better distribute the brine solution.
Been studying brining for years, haven't heard it said like that. The brine penetrates the skin just fine, and has no effect on brining. Doesn't slow it down, brine/solution penetrates the skin. Guess I'm missing the point on how it better distributes?

SmokinOkie... I wouldn't presume to act like I know anywhere near what you do when it comes to this subject. Most of what I know so far comes from your articles and the large amount of reading I've done on the subject in the past few months. What I meant, is that by letting the bird sit in the fridge for a day after brining, besides drying the surface and helping crisp the skin, is it gives a chance for the brine to better distribute itself throughout the meat. I was not saying that the skin somehow inhibits brining.
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